Xav tsis thoob yuav ua li cas xaiv cov pas nrig vuam zoo rau daim ntawv thov?
Tau cov lus teb rau cov lus nug nquag nug txog cov electrode stick.
Txawm koj yog ib tug neeg ua DIY uas siv cov hlau nplaum los vuam ob peb zaug hauv ib xyoos lossis ib tug kws vuam uas vuam txhua hnub, ib qho tseeb yog: Kev vuam siv hlau nplaum yuav tsum muaj kev txawj ntau. Nws kuj xav tau qee qhov kev paub txog cov hlau nplaum (tseem hu ua cov hlau vuam).
Vim tias cov yam ntxwv xws li cov txheej txheem khaws cia, txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub electrode thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke txhua yam pab txhawb rau kev xaiv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus pas nrig, kev npaj koj tus kheej nrog qee qhov kev paub yooj yim tuaj yeem pab koj txo qis kev tsis meej pem thiab ua kom ntseeg tau tias kev vuam tus pas nrig ua tiav.
1. Cov electrodes uas siv ntau tshaj plaws yog dab tsi?
Muaj ntau pua, yog tias tsis yog txhiab, ntawm cov electrodes stick, tab sis cov nrov tshaj plaws poob rau hauv American Welding Society (AWS) A5.1 Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding. Cov no suav nrog E6010, E6011, E6012, E6013, E7014, E7024 thiab E7018 electrodes.
2. AWS stick electrode classifications txhais li cas?
Txhawm rau pab txheeb xyuas cov electrodes stick, AWS siv cov qauv kev faib tawm raws li tus qauv. Kev faib tawm yog cov lej thiab cov ntawv luam tawm rau ntawm ob sab ntawm cov electrodes stick, thiab txhua tus sawv cev rau cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm electrode.
Rau cov hlau electrodes uas tsis muaj zog uas tau hais los saum toj no, ntawm no yog li cas AWS system ua haujlwm:
● Tsab ntawv "E" qhia txog lub electrode.
● Ob tug lej thawj zaug sawv cev rau qhov vuam qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tensile zog, ntsuas hauv phaus ib square inch (psi). Piv txwv li, tus lej 70 hauv E7018 electrode qhia tias lub electrode yuav tsim ib lub weld bead nrog tsawg kawg nkaus tensile zog ntawm 70,000 psi.
● Tus lej thib peb sawv cev rau qhov chaw vuam uas lub electrode siv tau. Piv txwv li, 1 txhais tau tias lub electrode siv tau rau txhua qhov chaw thiab 2 txhais tau tias nws siv tau rau ntawm cov vuam tiaj tiaj thiab kab rov tav xwb.
● Tus lej plaub sawv cev rau hom txheej thiab hom vuam tam sim no (AC, DC lossis ob qho tib si) uas siv tau nrog lub electrode.
3. Qhov txawv ntawm E6010, E6011, E6012 thiab E6013 electrodes yog dab tsi thiab yuav tsum siv thaum twg?
● Cov electrodes E6010 tsuas yog siv tau nrog cov fais fab tam sim no (DC). Lawv muab kev nkag mus tob thiab muaj peev xwm khawb tau xeb, roj, xim thiab av. Ntau tus kws vuam yeeb nkab uas muaj kev paub siv cov electrodes no rau kev vuam hauv paus ntawm cov yeeb nkab. Txawm li cas los xij, E6010 electrodes muaj qhov arc nruj heev, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lawv nyuaj rau cov neeg vuam tshiab siv.
● Cov electrodes E6011 kuj siv tau rau kev vuam txhua qhov chaw siv lub zog hluav taws xob hloov pauv (AC). Ib yam li cov electrodes E6010, cov electrodes E6011 tsim cov arc tob, nkag mus rau hauv uas txiav los ntawm cov hlau corroded lossis tsis huv. Ntau tus neeg vuam xaiv cov electrodes E6011 rau kev saib xyuas thiab kho thaum tsis muaj lub zog DC.
● Cov electrodes E6012 ua haujlwm tau zoo hauv cov ntawv thov uas xav tau kev sib txuas ntawm ob lub pob qij txha. Ntau tus kws tshaj lij welders kuj xaiv E6012 electrodes rau kev sib txuas ceev ceev, tam sim no siab hauv txoj kab rov tav, tab sis cov electrodes no feem ntau tsim cov qauv nkag mus tob dua thiab cov slag ntom ntom uas yuav xav tau kev ntxuav tom qab vuam ntxiv.
● Cov electrodes E6013 tsim cov arc mos mos nrog tsawg kawg spatter, muab kev nkag mus nruab nrab thiab muaj cov slag yooj yim-tshem tawm. Cov electrodes no tsuas yog yuav tsum tau siv los vuam cov hlau huv, tshiab.
4. Qhov txawv ntawm E7014, E7018 thiab E7024 electrodes yog dab tsi thiab yuav tsum siv thaum twg?
● Cov electrodes E7014 tsim cov kev nkag mus rau hauv cov pob qij txha zoo ib yam li cov electrodes E6012 thiab tsim los siv rau cov hlau carbon thiab cov hlau tsis muaj hlau ntau. Cov electrodes E7014 muaj cov hmoov hlau ntau dua, uas ua rau kom muaj kev tso tawm ntau ntxiv. Lawv kuj tseem siv tau ntawm cov amperages siab dua li cov electrodes E6012.
● Cov electrodes E7018 muaj cov flux tuab nrog cov hmoov ntau thiab yog ib qho ntawm cov electrodes yooj yim siv. Cov electrodes no tsim cov arc du, ntsiag to nrog tsawg spatter thiab nruab nrab arc nkag mus. Ntau tus welders siv E7018 electrodes los vuam cov hlau tuab xws li cov hlau qauv. E7018 electrodes kuj tsim cov welds muaj zog nrog cov khoom cuam tshuam siab (txawm tias nyob rau hauv huab cua txias) thiab tuaj yeem siv rau ntawm cov hlau carbon, cov pa roj carbon siab, cov hlau qis lossis cov hlau muaj zog siab.
● Cov electrodes E7024 muaj cov hmoov hlau ntau uas pab ua kom cov nqi deposition nce ntxiv. Ntau tus neeg vuam siv cov electrodes E7024 rau kev vuam kab rov tav lossis tiaj tiaj. Cov electrodes no ua haujlwm tau zoo ntawm cov hlau phaj uas tsawg kawg yog 1/4-nti tuab. Lawv kuj tseem siv tau rau cov hlau uas ntsuas ntau dua 1/2-nti tuab.
5. Kuv yuav xaiv lub electrode stick li cas?
Ua ntej, xaiv ib lub electrode uas phim cov khoom muaj zog thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm cov hlau hauv paus. Piv txwv li, thaum ua haujlwm rau cov hlau tsis muaj zog, feem ntau txhua lub electrode E60 lossis E70 yuav ua haujlwm.
Tom ntej no, phim hom electrode rau qhov chaw vuam thiab xav txog qhov chaw muaj zog. Nco ntsoov, qee cov electrodes tsuas yog siv tau nrog DC lossis AC, thaum lwm cov electrodes siv tau nrog ob qho tib si DC thiab AC.
Soj ntsuam qhov tsim ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke thiab kev teeb tsa thiab xaiv lub electrode uas yuav muab cov yam ntxwv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev nkag mus (khawb, nruab nrab lossis sib zog). Thaum ua haujlwm rau qhov sib koom ua ke uas muaj kev teeb tsa nruj lossis ib qho uas tsis yog beveled, cov electrodes xws li E6010 lossis E6011 yuav muab cov arcs khawb kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev nkag mus txaus. Rau cov ntaub ntawv nyias lossis cov pob qij txha uas muaj qhov qhib dav, xaiv lub electrode nrog lub arc sib zog lossis mos xws li E6013.
Yuav kom tsis txhob muaj kev tawg ntawm cov khoom tuab, hnyav thiab / lossis cov qauv sib koom ua ke nyuaj, xaiv lub electrode uas muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws. Tsis tas li ntawd, xav txog qhov xwm txheej kev pabcuam uas cov khoom yuav ntsib thiab cov lus qhia uas nws yuav tsum ua tau raws li. Puas yuav siv nws rau hauv qhov kub qis, kub siab lossis qhov chaw thauj khoom poob siab? Rau cov ntawv thov no, lub electrode hydrogen qis E7018 ua haujlwm zoo.
Thiab xav txog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev tsim khoom. Thaum ua haujlwm hauv qhov chaw tiaj tus, cov electrodes uas muaj cov hmoov hlau ntau, xws li E7014 lossis E7024, muab cov nqi tso tawm siab dua.
Rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb, ib txwm xyuas cov lus qhia vuam thiab cov txheej txheem rau hom electrode.
6. Cov dej ntws uas nyob ib puag ncig lub electrode stick ua haujlwm li cas?
Txhua lub electrodes uas muaj ib tug pas nrig uas muaj ib txheej hu ua flux nyob ib puag ncig, uas ua haujlwm rau ntau lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb. Qhov tseeb, nws yog cov flux, lossis daim npog, ntawm lub electrode uas qhia qhov twg thiab yuav siv lub electrode li cas.
Thaum lub arc raug ntaus, cov flux hlawv thiab tsim cov tshuaj lom neeg sib xyaw ua ke. Thaum cov khoom xyaw flux hlawv hauv lub arc vuam, lawv tso cov roj tiv thaiv los tiv thaiv lub pas dej vuam uas yaj los ntawm cov khoom tsis huv hauv huab cua. Thaum lub pas dej vuam txias, cov flux tsim cov slag los tiv thaiv cov hlau vuam los ntawm oxidation thiab tiv thaiv porosity hauv lub hlaws vuam.
Flux kuj muaj cov khoom ionizing uas ua rau lub arc ruaj khov dua (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum vuam nrog lub zog AC), nrog rau cov alloys uas muab lub weld nws cov ductility thiab tensile zog.
Qee cov electrodes siv cov flux nrog cov hmoov hlau ntau dua los pab ua kom cov nqi deposition nce ntxiv, thaum lwm cov muaj cov deoxidizers ntxiv uas ua haujlwm ua cov neeg ntxuav thiab tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov khoom ua haujlwm corroded lossis qias neeg lossis cov nplai zeb.
7. Thaum twg yuav tsum siv lub electrode uas muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau?
Cov electrodes uas muaj qhov tso zis siab tuaj yeem pab ua tiav txoj haujlwm sai dua, tab sis cov electrodes no muaj cov kev txwv. Cov hmoov hlau ntxiv hauv cov electrodes no ua rau lub pas dej vuam dej ntau dua, txhais tau tias cov electrodes uas muaj qhov tso zis siab siv tsis tau rau hauv cov ntawv thov sab nraud.
Lawv kuj tsis tuaj yeem siv rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb lossis cov cai uas yuav tsum tau ua, xws li lub thawv siab lossis lub boiler fabrication, qhov twg cov hlaws weld raug kev ntxhov siab siab.
Cov electrodes uas muaj cov khoom siv siab yog qhov kev xaiv zoo heev rau cov ntawv thov uas tsis tseem ceeb, xws li vuam lub tank cia kua yooj yim lossis ob daim hlau uas tsis yog cov qauv ua ke.
8. Yuav ua li cas thiaj khaws thiab ziab cov electrodes uas siv rau ntawm tus pas nrig kom zoo?
Ib qho chaw sov thiab tsis muaj av noo yog qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws rau kev khaws cov electrodes stick. Piv txwv li, ntau cov electrodes E7018 uas ua los ntawm hlau mos, tsis muaj hydrogen yuav tsum tau khaws cia rau qhov kub ntawm 250- thiab 300-degrees Fahrenheit.
Feem ntau, qhov kub ntawm kev kho dua tshiab rau cov electrodes siab dua li qhov kub ntawm kev khaws cia, uas pab tshem tawm cov dej noo ntau dhau. Txhawm rau kho dua tshiab cov electrodes hydrogen qis E7018 uas tau tham saum toj no, qhov chaw kho dua tshiab yog txij li 500 txog 800 degrees F rau ib mus rau ob teev.
Qee cov electrodes, zoo li E6011, tsuas yog yuav tsum tau khaws cia kom qhuav ntawm chav tsev kub, uas txhais tau tias yog cov av noo tsis pub tshaj 70 feem pua ntawm qhov kub ntawm 40 thiab 120 degrees F.
Rau lub sijhawm thiab qhov kub tshwj xeeb ntawm kev khaws cia thiab kho dua tshiab, ib txwm saib cov lus qhia ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Ob Hlis-23-2022